Pile Gate
Consists of outside and inside gates. The first with its Renaissance arch was built in the semicircular tower in 1537. The previous single-spanned stone bridge, with stone seats on its sides, was built in 1397 by John from Siena. In 1471 the moat was widened and a new bridge on three spans was constructed according to the projects of the State architect Paskoje Milicevic. Between 1533 and 1537 one of the spans was destroyed and a wooden draw-bridge added instead.*
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| Pile Tower
Where today a meandering path runs between the two Pile gates, there was a big square tower built, according to old chronicles, as far back as in 972 to protect the only approach to the islet and the settlement on it. In 1461, then the walls facing Pile were reinforced, the walls of the Tower were doubled by another one 1 metre thick. In the earthquake of 1667 it was heavily damaged and it was considered whether to destroy it or not. At the beginning of the Austrian occupation it was demolished to make vehicle traffic into the Old Town possible.*
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| Minceta Tower
Minceta is a big round fort with massive basis in the form of a covered bulwark. Its top ends with a impressive battlement, supported with stone consoles, which is more of a decorative than strategic importance. Minceta is the most beautiful and remarkable fort of Dubrovnik, very often regarded as the symbol of the city. It was built in two periods. The first, quadrangle, Tower was constructed in 1319 by Nikifor Ranjina. In 1455 it was finally decided to dive it a round form. The works were started immediately, but stopped because of the plague. In 1461 they were continued seriously according to the wooden model made by the Florence architect Michelozzi. After he had left the Dubrovnik, the works were carried on following the projects submitted by Juraj Dalmatinac. The fort was armed with nine guns; on the top platform there was a big 64-pounder, a master-piece made by Ivan Rabljanin, the famous Dubrovnik gun-moulder.*
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Album: Dubrovnik 
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